Norway Oil Success Essay examples - 1714 Words

Introduction The oil industry in Norway has seen enormous success that is virtually unmatched by any other country in the world. Since the discovery of oil on its coast in 1969, the country has experienced steady economic growth. Accordingly, Norway’s massive GDP is a reflection of this growth; as of 2012, it ranked in the top 25 of the world (The World Bank, 2012). The cohesion between oil and economics in Norway has worked for a number of reasons. Firstly, policy makers have kept a close eye on the management of Norway’s massive oil reserves. Strict guidelines are implemented so that the reserves will not only last for future generations, but also benefit the current economy. That being said, policies old and new have positive†¦show more content†¦At the time, Norway approached its oil reserves with caution. The government asserted that the bottom of the Norwegian sea belonged to Norway, and the oil industry would strictly be run by Norwegians (Foster, 1974). This alone ensured Norwegians security in what now appears to be Norway’s greatest asset. Today, the oil sector in Norway acts as an exemplar for other countries attempting to exploit their resources. Countries are attracted to the seemingly flawless planning by the Norwegian government. Oil has contributed to the country’s enormous GDP, sitting at just under $500-billion US, in 2012 (Trading Economics, 2013). This attracts countries like Tanzania and Canada, among many others, who are attempting to adopt similar policies to emulate the same success (Hsieh, 2012; â€Å"Tanzania; Emulate Norway†, 2012). This comes as no surprise. Information from Statoil (2014), one of the largest oil extracting companies in Norway, predicts that in the future, 1.4 million barrels of oil will be produced per day. With such high production rates, it is no wonder Norway has implemented policies to maximize socio-economic benefits. Political Approaches Strategic government planning has enabled Norway’s oil industry to grow remarkably efficiently. In a move that defies most economic models in practice today, Norway seeks to adopt management which provides unity between the oilShow MoreRelated Norway and Its Climate Changes1054 Words   |  5 Pagesis a major global issue and is a pressing issue in Norway as well. The country has ratified the Kyoto Protocol and signed on to other treaties regarding the state of the earth. Similar to its history, current climate changes may have adverse effects on the culture and economy of Norway. Two significant climate change issues in Norway are carbon dioxide (CO 2) emissions and the warming of the Arctic Ocean; both have important impacts on both Norway and the world. Climate change is not a new phenomenonRead MoreThe Kingdom of Norways Country Analysis Essay examples1409 Words   |  6 PagesThe Kingdom of Norways Country Analysis Norway is one of the most developed countries in Europe. Although they are not apart of the European Union, their economy has bloomed due to good growth in the export markets and petroleum investments along with public sector demand and low-interest rates. Because they are the worlds fifth largest exporter of oil and gas, this contributes to about a third of their revenue. Their good growth has also had a positive effect on other parts of the economy suchRead MoreEssay about Capitalism and Socialism1566 Words   |  7 Pagesproduce them, and allows markets to guide who gets them. IN the United States, oil is an example of an industry that is run by this principle. Life would be different, however, if the nation was socialist. Socialism is an economic theory that mandates that the governing body, rather than the consumers and firms, control some of the firms on behalf of the community. For example, in Norway and even in capitalist Mexico the oil industry is owned or controlled by th e government. Capitalism and socialismRead MoreThe Advantage of Having a Hybrid Car in Kosovo1683 Words   |  7 Pagesfor fossil fuels, especially oil, may have peaked not only because of a slow economy, but also because of hybrids and other automotive technologies in the process of being developed. In such a case, these companies may have to find other ways of supplying energy, aside from simply putting raw crude oil on the market, if they are to survive. NORWAY EXAMPLE Norways electric car market speeds ahead While the Scandinavian country of Norway may be one of the largest oil producers in Europe, it alsoRead MoreOpec And The Price Of Oil873 Words   |  4 PagesOPEC and the price of oil The organization of the petroleum exporting countries or OPEC was created at Baghdad Conference in Iraq in September 1960. The founding members of organization were Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. These five states were later joined by nine other countries: Qatar (1961), Indonesia (1962), Libya (1962), United Arab Emirates (1967), Algeria (1969), Nigeria (1971), Ecuador (1973), Gabon (1975), and Angola (2007). Ecuador and Gabon withdrew from the organizationRead MoreComparative Politics Is An Essential Field Within Political Science1477 Words   |  6 Pageswidespread corruption can have significant repercussions on sustainability, the balance of power, and individual rights within a nation state. In 2015, Transparency International ranked North Korea the second most corrupt nation in the world, while Norway was ranked the sixth least corrupt. This paper will examine the staggering juxtaposition in corruption levels between the two nations based on the contrast in th eir respective governmental regimes and institutions. It will dissect the causes for thisRead MoreThe Harmful Effects Of Greenhouse Gases On The Earth s Atmosphere2434 Words   |  10 Pages⠁ ´ One of those countries was Norway. Norway was one of the most progressive countries in environmental regulations, first imposing a tax on greenhouse gas emissions in 1991.⠁ ´ The Norwegian government felt the most effective way to lower their carbon emissions would be to place a high tax on the oil and gas industry in an attempt to force the companies to find greener ways of extracting the oil.⠁ µ They believed that by doing this, it would cause the overall price of oil to rise for domestic consumersRead MoreQatar : The Richest Countries1735 Words   |  7 PagesQatar. Qatar is located near Saudi Arabia and according to the website named http://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-richest-countries-in-the-world.html states â€Å"...has the highest GDP of 140,649†. The country Qat ar also has a very well or developed oil industry as claimed on website â€Å"http://www.worldatlas.com/articles/the-richest-countries-in-the-world.html†In addition, as stated in the website â€Å"http://www.lifeinqatar.com/Pages/en/article/living/interesting-facts-about-qatar.html† states â€Å" QatarRead MoreImpact of International Environmental Laws on Oil and Gas Production1993 Words   |  8 Pagesï » ¿Evaluation of the Impact of International Environmental Laws on Oil/Gas Production Background National oil companies (NOCs) are reported as having become key actors within, as well as shapers of the international oil market. (Chen, 2007, p.4) Chen additionally states that in consideration of the shadowing of geopolitics with geology a great many of the worlds primary basins are situated countries that have administrative capacity that is limited and governments that are highly authoritarianRead MoreCurrent Sources Of The State Of Indonesia1721 Words   |  7 Pagessources of the state revenues. It is also a very important strategic commodity and often as political issue. The revenues from oil and gas have driven the economic growth and contributed significantly for the development of Indonesia. In the world, legislations which regulate oil and gas are varies from country to country. In spite of many variations, in general, the upstream oil and gas activities, based on two systems, the production-sharing contracts and the licensing systems. Indonesia was the country

The Framework Of Laws And Rules That Govern The...

The framework of laws and rules that govern the administration of justice in cases involving an individual who has been accused of a crime. This process is begun with the initial investigation of the crime committed and following up with either the unconditional release from an acquittal, or by granting one with a term punishment depending on the severity of the crime. As a safeguard, criminal proceedings are against the indiscriminate application of criminal laws. Laws are designed and used in order to enforce the constitution written by our founding fathers. The american criminal justice process begins with the initial police contact and continuing through an arrest, investigation, trial, sentencing, and appeals. The first step in the process is the investigation. Once an offender initially commits a crime and officers are contacted and make an arrest, they have to investigate further into the crime at hand. Evidence is then gathered and follow up investigations attempt to put the pieces on chronological order to show what happened before and during the time of the crime. There are also many efforts to identify some possible suspects to further the next step of the criminal justice process. The next stage to the process of finding a criminal offender is getting the judge to agree to a warrant. A warrant provides the legal basis for an apprehension of a suspect. Once officers have their warrant, they will be able to search for more evidence that may pertinShow MoreRelatedThe Doctrinal Design Has Been Used To Study The Jurisprudential1425 Words   |  6 Pageswith the help of case laws and leading judgments of various courts. 1.5 Research questions: a) Does the child have adequate cognitive skills for comprehending and accurately reporting the witnessed event? b) Can the child successfully discriminate actual events from the internal thoughts, images and fantasies? c) Can the child resist suggestions from various sources to change his or her report or memory of an event? d) What is the status of child witnesses in the Criminal Justice system? 1.6 ChapterizationRead MoreAmerican Courts And Substantive Law1343 Words   |  6 Pageshave we learned about American courts and substantive law? We have learned that there are many parts of the American courts. Each court has its own responsibility, in this paper I will specify all of the responsibilities and the courts, state and federal, I will also identify the difference between them for better understanding. Furthermore I will continue to go into detail and state what I have learned about American courts and substantive law. There are four main federal courts in America; TheRead MorePolitical System of Germany1700 Words   |  7 Pagesstates. The general rule is that a power not expressly granted the federal government (expressed in Articles 70, 71 and 73 of the Grundgesetz) is retained by the state, making the states relatively autonomous. The federal government and the states have concurrent jurisdiction (police powers, cultural issues, local government matters, the application of civil and criminal law). Federal laws establish a framework for the individual states. For instance, the federal law concerning the correctionalRead MoreThe Field Of Criminal Justice System2668 Words   |  11 Pagescriminal justice system is often tied to the military structure of police organizations. In such organizations officers are discouraged from providing input on how to perform in their jobs. Violent confrontations between police and citizens in particular have been targeted with corrective measures (Stojkovic, Kalinich, Klofas, 2011). The field of criminal justice is meant to support the provision of justice, however, when violence perpetuated by criminal justice officers is present, justice is precludedRead MoreNature, Function and Classification of Law2917 Words   |  12 PagesCLASSIFICATION OF LAW Objectives of the course:†¢ Enable the students to think in a more abstract or general fashion than is generally achieved in the study of specific areas of law and demonstrate the same in answering questions. †¢ Enable the student to develop the willingness to question and think independen tly and to find out more in the study of law. †¢ Discuss critically the definition of law †¢ Explain the various scholars position on their attempt to define the meaning of law †¢ Distinguish law from morality;Read MoreThe Supreme Court Is The Highest Of All Courts969 Words   |  4 PagesThe Supreme Court is the highest of all courts and is provided with the authority to decide whether or not state, federal, and local governments are acting within the law. The judicial branches authority is stated in United States Constitution Article III, which outlines the Supreme Courts appellate and original jurisdiction and congressional limitations for those accused of treason (Ushistory.org, 2015, p. 9a) However, judicial review to interpret the Constitution and strike down the actions ofRead MoreThe Importance of Law (Legal Back Up) to an Individual, Organization and Economy of a Country at Large2170 Words   |  9 PagesLEADERSHIP TRAINING AND CAREER DEVELOPMENT PROGRAME TOPIC THE IMPORTANCE OF LAW (LEGAL BACK UP) TO AN INDIVIDUAL, ORGANIZATION AND ECONOMY OF A COUNTRY AT LARGE VENUE KING IS COMING AREA HEAD QARTERS, REDEMPTION CAMP, KM 46, LAGOS/IBADAN EXPRESS WAY, OGUN STATE DATE: SATURDAY 24 SEPT 2011 COURTESIES I wish to express my gratitude to the WORLD LEADERSHIP INSTITUTE, the organizers of this programme for giving me the privilege and opportunity to discuss the above named topic. It is oftenRead MoreThe Noble Field Of Law1700 Words   |  7 PagesFor decades, those who have chosen to enter the noble field of law have been subject to guidelines governing how legal professionals are expected to behave. The history of those guidelines is actually quite interesting. If traced back as far as possible, the rules that govern moral and ethical expectations of lawyers, judges, and other legal professionals were derived from ethical theory articulated by some of the greatest minds of the nineteenth century. One such publication was David Hoffman sRead MoreThe Three Branches Of American Government1837 Words   |  8 Pagescontained 65 representatives, 37 of them were pro-administration and 28 of them were anti-administration.(About the First Federal Congress (1789-1791). Also there were 26 sena tors.(â€Å"About the First Federal Congress (1789-1791†) The role of this congress was to demonstrate the US constitution s framework. This congress also helped to answer questions and address the concerns that were brought about during ratification. The 1st Congress set up the rules and procedures for the House and the Senate. TheRead MoreCode of Ethics for Nurses Essay1605 Words   |  7 PagesMarch 18, 2008 American Nurses Association’s Code of Ethics for Nurses Ethics is an integral part of the foundation of nursing. Nursing has a distinguished history of concern for the welfare of the sick, injured, and vulnerable and for social justice. This concern is embodied in the provision of nursing care to individuals and the community. Nursing encompasses the prevention of illness, the alleviation of suffering, and the protection, promotion, and restoration of health in the care of individuals

Mcgregors Theories X and Y Free Essays

Compare McGregor’s Theory X and Theory Y style of leadership and consider the types of organizations in which each style of leadership might be most appropriate. Douglas McGregor devised his concept of Theory X and Theory Y in the USA in the 1950’s using a survey of managers, which he then proposed in his book, ‘The Human Side of Enterprise’ in the 1960’s. Theory X states that a manager distrusts his subordinates, believes they don’t enjoy work and therefore must be controlled. We will write a custom essay sample on Mcgregors Theories X and Y or any similar topic only for you Order Now Theory Y, on the other hand, speculates that a manager believes their employees enjoy work and wish to contribute, the manager is therefore more likely to include them in the decision making process and employ a more democratic style of leadership (Marcousse 2003). The two theories are not opposite ends of one spectrum, but rather two separate lines of continuum that describes the attitude and perception a manager has of their employees. The type of motivation that the employees receive from their manager is down to their management style. These Theories match up with Maslow’s ‘Hierarchy of Needs’. McGregor makes the point that the way in which a manager runs and controls his team has massive impacts on the happiness in employees, relating to esteem and self actualisation. These are two factors of motivation mentioned by Maslow in his theory. In comparing these two theories, X and Y, we must take into account different factors that may affect the two ideas and how they may do so in different scenarios or places of work. The general idea is that Theory Y is the path of the â€Å"enlightened manager† (Chapman 1995) who runs a democratic form of leadership, and that it receives better results than theory X, whose manager employs more of an autocratic dictatorship. However this cannot always be believed. In different cases a manager may do better in his work to tell employees the best and most effective way to complete a task, knowing through experience. FW Taylor (1856-1917) believed in efficiency and complete control of a task provided to the manager. This idea related to such methods as the assembly line, a process broken down into simple tasks and completed individually by a group of workers along a line. Employed by such companies as Ford in the early 1900’s, in producing cars, this method gave great results, however keeping workers motivated was difficult, part of Taylor’s method was to â€Å"devise a pay scheme to reward those who complete or beat tough output targets, but penalize those who cannot, or will not, achieve the productivity Taylor believed was possible. (pg 218) For the manager, Theory X is a self – fulfilling method, the workers are likely to develop a lack in interest in their work and do it solely for the wage (Marcousse 2003). There are two scenarios in which Theory X can escape a degree of criticism for producing a lack of motivation from its workers(Marcousse 2003). The part time worker has partially already given in to the idea that they will not be receiving much independence and del egation of responsibility. This is due to the amount of time they have committed to their work. For example, a part time security guard might be asked to stand guard on a gate for an hour every morning to let personnel through, however once they have completed this task they are unlikely to achieve much more than changing the channel on their TV. The job simply requires a pair of eyes at one point in the morning, and the rest of the time they are simply on call. There is no enjoyment or form of learning with this job; the part time worker is simply there to take home some money at the end of the month, satisfying his basic needs for financial security, a mutual understanding between employer and employee. A large majority of the time there is little for the security guard to watch over. When something does arise that requires more attention, someone of higher authority is only a phone call away. In this, theory X is the logical management style, as to use theory Y would mean a greater chance of mistakes being made by someone who doesn’t have the same experience and qualifications as the elected official. The other scenario is in a moment of chaos (Marcousse 2003). At this point, due to the limited time scale in such moments, someone needs to take full control and make quick decisive decisions. Such a case is easily understood when put into the confines of an army unit under fire. Someone must give direct orders to keep the enemy under pressure and move their men to safety, or face either death or capture. Theory Y would consume too much time to listen to all possible ideas and make a decision, with young men who have been trained to take orders rather than come up with them. Efficiency is the key in this scenario, Taylor would be completely right in giving total control to a senior soldier to try and ensure the safety of his soldiers. Encouraging an employee to work for a great amount of time during the week or without the threat of danger How to cite Mcgregors Theories X and Y, Essay examples

Synthesis Research Problem - Design and Method

Question: Give a discussion on quantitative research design and qualitative research design? Answer: Introduction Research design can be defined as the scientific work structure. The research is directed and systemized by the design. It is the framework that is generated in order to find the answers of research questions (Salkind, 2010). The design of a research ensures that the obtained evidence will make us capable of answering the initial questions of a research unambiguously. There is a great difference between the research design and research method. But often these two words are confused by the researchers. The research design is often treated as data collection methods instead of being treated as a logical structure that is developed for the inquiry of the research (Salaberry Comajoan, 2013). How the data are collected is not at all related to the logical design of the research. The inability to distinguish between the research design and method, often results in poor evaluation of the research (Spoon, 2012). The design that is chosen by a researcher depends on the following factors- The aim of the conducted study or research i.e. the information that are needed in order to conduct the study. Whether the design is effective in collecting the data. Whether the information collected by using the research design is reliable or not. Whether the design support the ethical issues of the study. The cost of the research design (De Vaus, 2005). There are various types of research design options available for the researchers. All of them have some advantages as well as disadvantages. The design that is chosen by the researcher affects the results and findings of the research. There are two main types of research designs that are used by the researchers. These are Qualitative research Quantitative research. Quantitative research design The quantitative research methods are also known as the true science methods as in this method traditional statistical and mathematical measures are used in order to get the results. This method is mostly applied by the physical scientists. Sometimes it is also used by the scientists belonging to the field of biology, economics and social science. The standard format of the research includes development of hypothesis which is proved by means of quantitative analysis using the statistical and mathematical analysis of the data (Taylor Posch, 2014). In quantitative research design, the study groups are generally randomized and incorporation of a control group is done wherever possible. Hypothetical research design (quantitative research): Any type of research is based on a hypothetical platform. For different types of research, the hypothetical research designs are different. Hypothesis: Foot massage is able to reduce agitation in dementia affected patients. Plan of the research: For investigating the hypothesis, the selected samples are categorized in two groups. In one group, the foot massage method is applied and the other group is taken as control where no foot massage is applied. Here the dependent variable is agitation and the causes of agitation are the independent variables (Moyle et al., 2014). The level of agitation is measured in the two groups. Then the data was compared between the two groups. Research questions: Is there any effect of the foot massage therapy on the agitation of dementia patient? Is the effect of foot massage is different for different patients of dementia? To what extent the foot massage therapy is effective? Analysis: The level of agitation is measured using various means before the application of the foot massage therapy and after the application of the therapy and the change in the level of agitation is measured. The data is analyzed statistically in order to determine the effect of foot massage on agitation (Moyle et al., 2014). Strength of the quantitative research method: Quantitative research design is very effective in disproving or proving a hypothesis. The results of the research can be finalized depending on the data. The results obtained after statistical and mathematical analysis of the data can be discussed legitimately and can be published (Pande Dhami, 2014). As quantitative research is based on the comparison of the data between the study group and the control group, the external factors can be excluded and the results obtained can be considered as unbiased and real. The results obtained by qualitative experiment can be tested by applying quantitative research design in order to get the final results. Weaknesses of the quantitative research method: Quantitative researches are often expensive, difficult and time consuming. These types of researches require careful planning in order to ensure complete randomization of sample and correct selection of control groups. Quantitative researches are based on rigorous statistical analysis which is generally difficult for the scientists who are not statisticians. Again, it is very stringent to confirm the statistical results successfully, as there some ambiguity is always there that needs further research and testing which means investment of additional time and resources (Perreault, 2011). Quantitative research method is applied for only proving or disproving the data. But in case of anthropology, education, social science etc. the data cannot be obtained by simply responding positively or negatively due to the complexity of the human nature. Qualitative research design: This research design is mainly used by the researchers and scientists in order to study the human habits and behavior. This is a flexible research design that encompasses a number of accepted structures and methods, ranging from extensive interviewing of many people to case study of an individual person (Parylo, 2012). The mostly used methods in the qualitative research design include interviews, case studies and survey designs. Designing of this type of study should also be done carefully. No standardized structure is followed in order to design a qualitative research. Hypothetical research design (qualitative research): Hypothesis: musical therapy is useful to treat mental illness. Plan of the research: In the qualitative research design, statistical analysis of data is not performed. In order to prove the hypothesis open ended questionnaires, direct interviewing etc. are generally used by the researchers, which is an excellent way to collect information and data regarding the research. In the chosen hypothesis, at first the effect of music is observed in a group of selected individuals suffering from mental illness. Then they are invited to attend a music program on the weekly basis along with their care takers and the effect of the musical program on the selected individuals is observed. Then the mentally ill patients and their care takers are interviewed regarding the effect of music on them (Moyle et al., 2014). Research questions: What is the effect of music on the mentally ill persons? Is music able to connect the mentally ill persons with their care takers? What is the effect of the music on the care takers? Does the music help to strengthen the bond between the mentally ill person and the care taker? Analysis: The information obtained is carefully observed and analyzed in order to obtain the result and prove or disprove the hypothesis. Strength of qualitative research design: Qualitative methods are useful when the research hypothesis cannot be proved by answering yes or no. it is mainly used in case of complex researches. This type of research designs can be planned and carried out easily. Qualitative research design covers a broader scope and ensures that the research will produce data that will be useful (McCusker Gunaydin, 2014). Qualitative research is not completely dependent on the sample size as in the case of quantitative data. Consumption or resource and time is significantly low in case of qualitative research design. Weaknesses of qualitative research design: The results obtained by using such methods are very accurate and need further quantitative analysis in order to increase the accuracy of the result. Planning must be done very carefully in order to increase the accuracy of the result (Ortiz, 2007). Qualitative research cannot be replicated. Conclusion: quantitative or qualitative? There is always debate regarding the applicability and efficiency of the qualitative and quantitative research design. Both these research designs have their strengths and weaknesses. So the question that arises before conducting a research is that whether qualitative or quantitative research design to be used for the research. If the research involves an enquiry whose answer depend on numerical evidences and analysis, then it is best to use the quantitative research design. Again if the research is aimed at finding the reasons behind an incidence or phenomena or involve results that do not need numerical analysis, the qualitative research design should be the best to choose. Again some studies require the involvement of both the qualitative and quantitative design of research, in which the weaknesses of both the research designs are covered by each other (Lund, 2012). References: De Vaus, D. (2005).Research design. London: SAGE. Jackson, N. (2015). Music Therapy and Chronic Mental Illness: Overcoming the Silent Symptoms.Music Therapy Perspectives. doi:10.1093/mtp/miv017 Lund, T. (2012). Combining Qualitative and Quantitative Approaches: Some Arguments for Mixed Methods Research.Scandinavian Journal Of Educational Research,56(2), 155-165. doi:10.1080/00313831.2011.568674 McCusker, K., Gunaydin, S. (2014). Research using qualitative, quantitative or mixed methods and choice based on the research.Perfusion. doi:10.1177/0267659114559116 Moyle, W., Cooke, M., Beattie, E., Shum, D., ODwyer, S., Barrett, S. (2014). Foot massage versus quiet presence on agitation and mood in people with dementia: A randomised controlled trial.International Journal Of Nursing Studies,51(6), 856-864. doi:10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2013.10.019 Ortiz, D. (2007). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches [Book Review].Qualitative Research Journal,6(2), [205]-207. doi:10.3316/qrj0602205 Pande, H., Dhami, H. (2014). Statistical Methods in Language and Linguistic Research.Journal Of Quantitative Linguistics,21(3), 295-297. doi:10.1080/09296174.2014.911507 Parylo, O. (2012). Qualitative, Quantitative, or Mixed Methods: An Analysis of Research Design in Articles on Principal Professional Development (1998-2008).International Journal Of Multiple Research Approaches, 1419-1462. doi:10.5172/mra.2012.1419 Perreault, K. (2011). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches.Manual Therapy,16(1), 103. doi:10.1016/j.math.2010.09.003 Salaberry, M., Comajoan, L. (2013).Research Design and Methodology in Studies on L2 Tense and Aspect. Boston: De Gruyter. Salkind, N. (2010).Encyclopedia of research design. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage. Spoon, J. (2012). Environmental Social Sciences: Methods and Research Design.EBL,3, 33. doi:10.14237/ebl.3.2012.48 Taylor, S., Posch, A. (2014). The Design of a Quantitative Western Blot Experiment.Biomed Research International,2014, 1-8. doi:10.1155/2014/361590